Slope / Gradient Calculator
Calculate slope in %, ratio (1:x), and degrees based on height difference and distance.
About This Tool
This calculator determines the slope/gradient between two points using elevation difference (Δh) and horizontal distance (d).
- Slope (%)
- Gradient ratio (1:x)
- Slope in degrees (°)
- Rise/Run visual interpretation
- Road and path design
- Drainage and falls
- Earthworks design
- Setting out on construction sites
- Checking compliance with engineering specifications
Input Data
Results
Frequently Asked Questions
You need the height difference (Δh) between two points and the horizontal distance (d) between them. These can be measured in any unit as long as both measurements use the same unit.
Slope percentage is calculated as (height difference ÷ horizontal distance) × 100. For example, a 5% slope means the ground rises 5 units for every 100 units of horizontal distance.
The ratio 1:x means that for every 1 unit of vertical rise, there are x units of horizontal distance. For example, 1:20 means 1 unit rise for every 20 units horizontal.
Degrees are calculated using the arctangent function: angle = arctan(height difference ÷ horizontal distance). This gives the angle of inclination from horizontal.
Use this tool for drainage design, access ramp compliance, road grading, setting out earthworks, and checking slopes meet engineering specifications. It's essential for any work requiring precise gradient control.
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